JAMA is an international peer-reviewed general medical journal published weekly online and in print, and a member of the @JAMANetwork family of journals.
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#MedNews: ✈️ Pilots and flight attendants may have a higher risk of death from radiation-related cancers than all other professions, a recent study suggests.
Learn more about in-flight radiation exposure and what could help address the risk.
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#MedNews: Updated clinical guidance from the American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists supports the removal of both fallopian tubes during certain previously scheduled surgeries, reflecting growing evidence that it can help reduce ovarian cancer in average-risk women.
Here's what to know about opportunistic bilateral salpingectomy.
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💬 Perspective by Nikhil Sahni, MBA, MPA/ID, Merjan Ozisik, MBE, David Cutler, PhD, and
@ZekeEmanuel, MD, PhD: US #HealthCare spending growth slowed from 2009 to 2019, but recent increases have renewed uncertainty about future spending as a share of gross domestic product.
Potential moderating forces include wider #AI adoption, site-neutral payments, slower price growth for specific drugs, expansion of value-based specialty care, reduced Medicare Advantage risk adjustment overpayment, and downstream offsets from glucagon-like peptide-1 therapies.
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💬 Viewpoint by Brett Burstein, MDCM, PhD, MPH, Paul Aronson, MD, MHS, Prashant Mahajan, MD, MPH, MBA, and Nathan Kuppermann, MD, MPH: For well-appearing #FebrileInfants who meet modern low-risk criteria, routine #LumbarPuncture may be more likely to cause harm than prevent bacterial meningitis.
Newer risk stratification approaches, particularly those incorporating procalcitonin, support more selective cerebrospinal fluid testing even in infants in the first month of life.
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Among children conceived using assisted reproductive technology (#ART), childhood cancer incidence was modestly higher than among children not conceived using assisted reproductive technology, although absolute risks were low.
The higher risk was concentrated in children conceived after frozen embryo transfer and intracytoplasmic sperm injection, while no association was observed for in vitro fertilization.
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Use of #naloxone documented by emergency medical services also declined after May 2023, while total naloxone administrations per 100 overdose activations remained stable.
These findings suggest that reduced overdose incidence, rather than increased naloxone use per overdose event, may help explain recent changes in overdose outcomes and may inform medical and public health responses.
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🧵 From 2019 to 2025, #opioid dispensing in the US declined across multiple measures, including #morphine milligram equivalents per person, overall #prescriptions, high-dose prescriptions, long-duration prescriptions, and extended-release or long-acting formulations.
These findings indicate continued changes in prescribing patterns that may inform public health #policy and #clinical practice related to opioid prescribing.
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💬 Editor's Note by JAMA Editorial Fellow Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, MD, MS, and Deputy Editor Joseph Ross, MD, MHS: US #Opioid dispensing continued to decline from 2019 through 2025, including lower #prescribing of higher dosages, longer durations, and extended-release formulations.
Yet the overdose epidemic has shifted toward illicit #fentanyl, indicating that reducing prescription supply alone is unlikely to explain recent changes in overdose mortality.
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💡 JAMA Insights: #Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (#MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic #LiverDisease in children and adolescents worldwide and is often asymptomatic.
This JAMA Insights indicates that screening with annual alanine aminotransferase testing starting at age 10 years is recommended for children with #obesity and for some children with #overweight or other #cardiometabolic risk factors, which may support earlier diagnosis and referral.
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📝 #JAMAReview: #Obesity affects 15% of children aged 2 to 5 years and 22% of children aged 6 to 11 years in the US and is associated with conditions including #dyslipidemia, #hypertension, #metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic #LiverDisease, obstructive #SleepApnea, and lower quality of life.
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Screening with body mass index should begin at age 2 years, and early identification and treatment may reduce risk of type 2 #diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and #mortality in adulthood.
🔗 Read the full #JAMAReview: ja.ma/4jwgtLL
📝 JAMA Patient Page: #ChildhoodObesity is defined as a body mass index at the 95th percentile or greater for age and sex, and severe #obesity is defined as a body mass index at 120% of the 95th percentile or greater.
This JAMA Patient Page explains risk factors for childhood obesity and associated conditions, including high blood pressure, abnormal #cholesterol or #triglyceride levels, fatty #LiverDisease, and increased risk of obesity, #HeartDisease, and type 2 #diabetes later in life.
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💬 Perspective by Irene Papanicolas, PhD, and Anna D. Sinaiko, PhD: US #HealthCareSpending may be growing more slowly than in prior decades, but slower spending growth has not translated into better affordability or better health outcomes.
Higher deductibles, cost sharing, and eligibility changes can constrain spending while shifting more financial burden to patients and affecting access to care.
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📣 This article is featured in @JAMAplusAI, which highlights the role of artificial intelligence and digital medicine in health care, drawing on original research, editorials, and medical news from across the JAMA Network.
📭 Learn more and subscribe to the newsletter: ja.ma/484CY3o
💬 Viewpoint by Marcela Almeida, MD: #MaternalMentalHealth disorders affect approximately 1 in 5 women and are the leading overall and preventable cause of maternal mortality in the US.
Gaps in perinatal psychiatry training, limited specialized treatment capacity, and fragmented care may leave the health system unprepared to manage acute perinatal psychiatric crises.
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Among #Medicare beneficiaries with #KidneyFailure, enrollment in Medicare Advantage after the 21st Century Cures Act was associated with lower rates of kidney transplant and new wait-listing vs traditional Medicare.
These findings indicate that policy oversight may be needed to monitor access to a high-value treatment as Medicare Advantage enrollment continues to grow among patients with end-stage kidney disease.
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Among adults initiating #HIV treatment, a regimen of doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was noninferior to dolutegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide for 48-week viral suppression.
It was also associated with less weight gain, indicating a potential option for patients at risk of treatment-associated weight change.
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🔖 This trial is featured in JAMA+ Trials, a platform that highlights the implications and innovations of #ClinicalTrial research from across the JAMA Network to advance evidence-based #medicine and public #health.
This October's Trial Theme of the Month focuses on extension studies in #ClinicalTrials, where long-term findings depend on how comparison groups are defined and how attrition and selection bias are handled. Read the latest editorial: ja.ma/4j8Jop4
📫 Learn more and subscribe to the email newsletter: ja.ma/4jOy4yD
📝 JAMA Patient Page: #SuperficialVeinThrombosis is a condition in which blood clots develop within superficial veins, usually in the legs or arms.
This JAMA Patient Page describes common risk factors, including #VaricoseVeins, #pregnancy and the #postpartum period, recent trauma, #surgery or #immobility, #cancer, and intravenous #catheters in the arm, as well as symptoms such as swelling, warmth, pain, and skin changes over the vein.
🔗 Learn more: ja.ma/47rbPHP
📌 Editor’s Choice from this week's issue of JAMA:
➡️ Normal Pressure #Hydrocephalus #Review,
➡️ Taking Multiple Meds Increased Among Older US Adults,
➡️ Long #COVID, and more.
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