Messier 64, or the Black Eye Galaxy, in this @NASAHubble + @NASAWebb image, is characterized by bizarre internal motion. The gas in the outer regions is rotating in the opposite direction from the gas and stars in its inner regions. This may be the result of a merger.

Today Oct 25. #OTD in 1811 mathematician Evariste Galois was born. Determined a necessary and sufficient condition for a polynomial to be solvable by radicals. His work laid the foundations for Galois theory and group theory. See my book "The Equation That Couldn't Be Solved."

A @NASAWebb image of IC 348, a star-forming region about 1,000 light-years away. This near-infrared vista of IC 348 reveals also brown dwarfs, objects smaller than the smallest stars.

Today Oct 24. #OTD in 1632 microbiologist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was born. Commonly known as "the Father of Microbiology", and one of the first microscopists. Best known for his contributions toward the establishment of microbiology as a scientific discipline.

A beautiful @ESO image of the spiral galaxy NGC 1350.

Today Oct 23. Celebrated annually (written as 10/23 in the U.S. date format) from 6:02 a.m. to 6:02 p.m. as Mole Day. The numbers match Avogadro’s number (≈ 6.02 × 10²³), which defines the number of atoms, molecules, or particles contained in one mole of a substance.

The star forming region on this @NASAWebb image is called LHA 120-N 159, or simply N159. It is located 161,000 light-years away in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), one of the satellite galaxies orbiting the Milky Way galaxy. The image spans about 230 light-years across.

Today is Oct 22. #OTD in 1881 physicist Clinton Davisson was born. He received the @NobelPrize for Physics in 1937 for discovering that electrons can be diffracted like light waves, verifying the thesis of Louis de Broglie that electrons behave both as waves and as particles.

A gorgeous @ESO image of the spiral galaxy NGC 1232, which is about 60 million light-years away from Earth.

Today is Oct 21. #OTD in 1833 chemist Alfred Nobel was born. Known for inventing dynamite, and of course for having bequeathed his fortune to establish the @NobelPrize . He worked on various inventions in science, holding 355 patents during his life.

The full beauty of the Cat's Eye Nebula (NGC 6543) is revealed in this detailed view from @NASAHubble . The image shows a bull's eye pattern of eleven (or more) concentric rings, or shells, around the Cat's Eye.

Today is October 20. #OTD in 1891 physicist James Chadwick was born. He received the @NobelPrize for Physics in 1935 for the discovery of the neutron.

This image mixes mid-infrared light from @NASAWebb, and visible and ultraviolet light from @NASAHubble. The pair grazed one another millions of years ago. The smaller spiral on the left, IC 2163, passed behind NGC 2207, the larger spiral galaxy at right.

Today Oct 19. #OTD in 1910 astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was born. Received the 1983 @NobelPrize in Physics "for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars."

This @ESO image shows the central parts of our Galaxy, as observed in the near-infrared. By following the motions of the most central stars over decades, astronomers were able to determine the mass of the supermassive black hole that lurks there.

Today Oct 18. #OTD in 1902 mathematical physicist Pascual Jordan was born. Made significant contributions to quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. Contributed to matrix mechanics. Introduced Jordan algebras that have since found numerous applications within mathematics.

The Necklace Nebula in this @NASAHubble image (formally known as PN G054.2-03.4), was produced by a pair of tightly orbiting Sun-like stars. Roughly 25,000 years ago, one of the aging stars expanded and engulfed its smaller companion, eventually ejecting their common envelope.

Today is October 17. Happy Birthday to physician and astronaut Mae Jemison! born #OTD in 1956. She became the first African-American woman to travel into space when she served as a mission specialist aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.

An @ESO zoom in towards the center of the galaxy NGC 6902 shows a nuclear ring where the orange glow of intense star formation is visible.

Today is October 16. #OTD in 1923 chemist Cyril Ponnamperuma was born. Best known for his work on chemical evolution and in particular on the origin of life on Earth.