ALT Scatterplot showing relationship between pitch responses during an emphasized word in a sentence and during a sustained vowel. The data points are oriented in a cloud with slight clustering toward the upper right quadrant. The p value is .996.

ALT Figure of pitch responses during study conditions. Full description is available in published article on the website of the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.

ALT Graphic with the head of a person with headphones and mic and 3 boxes encircling the lower part of the face. The first box is a speech bubble titled "Speaker says." The person is saying "Dave buys beds" with emphasis on Dave. An arrow connects this to a box titled "Perturbation applied." The perturbation is a 200-cent downward shift in pitch on the first word only. This box is connected by an arrow to another box titled "Speaker hears." The speaker hears "Dave buys beds," but with the first word being neutral instead of emphasized. Underneath these boxes is an arrow pointing from left to right. The left end of the arrow is labeled "Most disruptive to linguistic meaning." The right end is "least disruptive." Above the arros are five boxes in a row. Each box describes a speech task and pitch-shift condition. They are, from left to right: emphasized word, shift down; unemphasized word, shift up; emphasized word, shift up; unemphasized word, shift down; sustained vowel, shift down