Researcher on bananas and cryopreservation... and now coconut
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ALT Efficient and transgene-free editing of the MaALS genes in banana: mutations in MaALS genes of transgene-free lines; regenerating transgene-free plantlets.
ALT Principles to increase cellular solute concentration and prevent lethal ice formation during cryopreservation. When hydrated plant cells (a) are exposed to rapid cooling without cellular protection (b), formation of intracellular ice (blue hexagons) occurs, triggering cell death. Freeze dehydration (c), metabolic adjustment (e), air drying (f), and application of osmotic dehydration (g) and/or permeating molecules (h) lead to an increase in the intracellular solute concentration, glass transition upon cooling, and thus the chance of cell survival after thawing. However, as a consequence of the lower water potential/osmotic pressure in the extracellular space, plasmolysis is shown in panels c, e, f, and g. Hypothetical phase diagrams (d) model various treatments passing through the zones of heterogeneous and/or homogeneous ice formation or directly transitioning to the glassy state. Abbreviations: DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; EG, ethylene glycol; HSP, heat shock protein; LEA, late embryoge
ALT Schematic overview of the most common cryopreservation methods and modifications, that is, the droplet-vitrification, V and D cryo-plate, and cryo-mesh methods. Cryopreservation is often initiated with multiplication and conditioning of plants (white arrows), followed by preparation and preculture treatments and application of different cryopreservation methods such as slow cooling (gray arrows), vitrification (yellow arrows), or encapsulation-dehydration approaches (green arrows). Abbreviation: LN, liquid nitrogen.
