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There is such a profound shift occurring in the way that Agents alter our infrastructure requirements.
We are entering a networking supercycle. It’s not because humans are consuming more content. It’s because machines are beginning to think, act, and transact continuously.
Cisco's latest research on AI traffic patterns points to something much bigger than incremental bandwidth growth. Enterprise WAN traffic without agentic AI was projected to grow roughly 2.5x over the next
decade. With agentic AI, that projection jumps to ~9x.
And here’s the craziest part! After following this data closely, I believe even those numbers may prove to be wildly conservative. This is the first time when we have published a study like this where I feel that the projections might be off significantly and what we might think takes a decade happens in 3 years.
Why?
Because most people are still modeling AI like software. It is not. AI behaves more like a new species of digital labor. A SaaS app waits for humans. Agents do not. Agents continuously reason, retrieve, coordinate, negotiate, execute, and loop. At software
speed. Without pause. 7x24. They never get sick. Don’t need a vacation. Dont get tired. Don’t need sleep.
That creates a fundamentally different traffic architecture. The industry spent decades optimizing networks for bursty downloads, video streaming, and
human-paced interactions, almost all of it flowing downstream to a person on the other end.
AI traffic inverts that. A single agentic task can generate 450% more traffic than a human doing the same work.
Roughly 70% of that is inference. And nearly 10% of AI flows now carry more upstream than downstream data, versus 0.5% for typical web traffic, because context continuously moves back into models. Network traffic is not just increasing in bandwidth. It is fundamentally getting reshaped.
This last point matters most. The internet was built as a distribution system for content. AI is turning it into an active system for cognition. The path between agents and models is becoming the spinal cord of intelligence itself. When that path degrades, the agent degrades.
Networking stops being a passive transport layer and
becomes part of the intelligence stack. That changes everything about how we think about resiliency, observability, security, and capacity at the edge. We may be grossly underestimating what is coming. The future will not simply have more users online. It will have trillions of digital coworkers operating continuously on behalf of humans, enterprises, applications, and eventually physical systems.
Humans click.
Agents swarm.
That difference is what creates a supercycle. This supercycle of inference infrastructure will not just be compute bound, but also memory and network bound.
Take a look at the report here: cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/soluti…
It’s also a master class on a perfectly executed product release. So well done!
I can't help but enjoy how much fun @alexandr_wang seems to be having.
In a world of agents where we are largely supply constrained in Datacenter capacity starting from land, power and shell to compute, memory, networking, the solution is to not just build more data centres, but to make sure that the current data centers we already have are operating in a far more efficient and performant manner.
Innovations on getting more tokens per dollar spent on existing data centers is going to be necessary in this supply constrained world we will be living in for the foreseeable future.
So nuts! 👇🏾
It's nuts that with @theworldlabs Atlas, you can just keep generating different angles to generate the whole world from a single starting image.
Image to world with true consistency and control is finally here.
xitter.cf/LuoErik8lrl/status/210…
Another great add to the @Cisco Board of Directors! Welcome Girish. Thrilled to have you on the Board at Cisco.
Thrilled to have Girish Rishi, CEO of Cognite, join our @Cisco Board of Directors! cs.co/6009BH8dON
As we enter into the phase of personal agents, the infrastructure requirements will continue to ride the exponential curve.
Today, a tiny percentage of humanity (sub 2%) uses agents in any kind of power user capacity. I predict that in the next 12 to 15 months, we might have 30% of humanity using agents. If we live in a supply-constrained world with only 2% of humans using agents, we are gonna need to get far more creative when a much larger population becomes dependent on agents. The point being that the supply shortage on infrastructure for power, compute, memory, network bandwidth, and data center capacity seem durable.
The answer to this is not just to build more datacenters, but also get the most out of existing ones. This is why USFP is such an important innovation.
The demand will evolve to not just for a couple hundred thousand GPUs coherently clustered within a datacenter which is where we are today, but a future where we approach close to a million or more GPUs coherently clustered within a single datacenter.
We at @Cisco are delighted to continue to keep partnering with @nvidia to push the limits of physics. We are also obsessed with combining the bandwidth density with the practicality of easy implementation.
USFP scales bandwidth 4x with 16 lanes at 400Gb/s scalable to 32 lanes, coupled with 1.3x power efficiency. The other key point is that it’s built, deployed, serviced, and managed the same way as today’s pluggables.
Thanks to all the members of both teams that worked tirelessly to making this happen. Read the details below on post from @ChuckRobbins 👇🏾
Scaling AI infrastructure requires massive bandwidth and power efficiency. Today, @Cisco and @nvidia announced design plans for USFP, the industry’s first 400G-per-lane pluggable form factor delivering 6.4T capacity and 1.3x greater efficiency. Let's go! cs.co/6004BH8wyi
The pace at which software reconstruction will happen will be staggering. Fascinating times. 👇🏾
If you want to know where all the tokens will get consumed in the future, here it is. Agent swarms will have massive implications in a number of enterprise domains like software development, cyber, life sciences research, AI research, finance, and more.
The ability to parallelize agents against a unified goal where the volume of work is large, or where the search space not entirely known upfront, is going to be massive.
Agents can fan out and coordinate work together on a specific mission in completely different ways from what humans are able to do. Today even in the most resource-abundant organizations, your ability to parallelize work on most projects is quite limited. Humans run into constraints on being able to communicate with one another, share status, deal with conflicts in work, keep shared context, and so on.
As AI models can handle larger context without getting confused, and as they’re able to communicate effectively across their work with shared infrastructure, they can avoid many of the pitfalls that people have.
You can see how this can lead to not just faster execution of tasks, but qualitatively different outcomes in medicine, research or defending against cyber attacks, scientific and math discoveries, and so on. This is why we’re going to need 1,000X more compute.
None however are contradictory concepts. Great to see you @villaumbrosia. Congrats on a fantastic event. Love enthusiastic product people that want to learn. This is an exciting time to be alive in tech. Possibilities are limitless.
I sat down on the ProductCon San Francisco stage with @amasad, CEO at Replit, @jpatel41, President and CPO Cisco and Shiva Rajaraman, CPTO MrBeast for 3 live episodes of The Product Podcast.
All three proved my point: the fundamentals are not the same.
Amjad thinks not knowing how to code is an advantage. MrBeast stopped buying tools and built its own operating system. Cisco has feature managers instead of product managers.
Podcast episodes dropping from next week!
💯. The agentic breakthrough we need is a 1,000,000X token efficiency acceleration for agents. Much easier at this point to figure out a way to use less than build more.
Current course and speed keeps us in a perpetually supply constrained world, which is ironic given that AI is the abundance engine.
But the good news is that more compute and infra is being built all over.
The compute needed for the stage of AI we’re about to enter is going to be insane.
Personal agents, agent swarms defending enterprises, agents that review all of our code for security issues, agents that process nearly all enterprise data in workflows, background agents working on tasks 24/7, and on and on.
This will take a mix of inference volume that is going to keep growing by orders of magnitude, as well as infrastructure that agents need alongside the tokens. They need computers, networking, file systems, and so on.
We’re only in the early stages of what this buildout is going to look like.
Thanks for having me on the pod @snowmaker. One of the most fun convos in a while. 🙏🏽
Jeetu Patel is Cisco’s President and Chief Product Officer, helping turn one of the world’s largest technology companies into what he calls “the world’s largest startup.”
Cisco is now positioning itself as the picks-and-shovels company for the AI era, spanning networking, security, silicon, and infrastructure. Its AI infrastructure business went from zero to $9.3B in orders in just two years.
In this episode of Main Function, Jeetu joins YC's Jared Friedman to talk about bringing a founder mindset to the company, and what the massive data center buildout looks like from the inside. He also shares the unlikely path that took him from waiting tables at Sizzler to leading product at Cisco, and the lessons he’s learned about ambition, compounding, and making the most of the opportunities in front of you.
00:00 — Cisco’s Bet on AI
03:38 — Running Cisco Like a Startup
06:45 — The Infrastructure AI Agents Need
10:00 — Getting 32,000 Engineers to Embrace AI
14:07 — Bringing AI to Hardware and Silicon
17:15 — Inside the AI Data Center Buildout
21:27 — Are We Overbuilding AI Infrastructure?
25:10 — Building Trust in AI Agents
28:18 — From India to Waiting Tables at Sizzler
32:12 — Choosing Learning Over Ego
35:31 — Ambition, Teamwork, and Compounding
39:31 — Don’t Squander Your Opportunity
Yes, but highly likely that’s about to change. I might be wrong on timing but not on the end-state
Replying to @jpatel41
everything said & done, despite multiple agent & software support is costliest............
I am blown away at the degree of disadvantage someone is in if they are a leader of a company and not on X. Like literally, how does that even work?
How do software companies adjust to this world where all software effectively gets to be open-sourced due to AI-powered reverse engineering?
Frankly even the open source model could get disrupted because opensource assumes that a reliable albeit less attractive margin business and monetization vector that is available for the software developer is a services/support layer on top of free software. But we now can have universal agents as a layer above the software.
So the company that builds the best universal agents that deliver a basket of services and support on top of the opensource software might end up becoming the new business model. The differentiator is the best performing agents as a layer of service and support sitting on top of the software.
This will create a fair bit of disruption in classical software models. Insane!
It’s actually very similar to what Facebook has done with most of their major products. Their sequence has been to perfect user growth before worrying about monetization. It is truly the right way to do it In consumer tech.
It doesn’t work as well in the enterprise because most enterprise buyers won’t buy anything that might get them locked in. So they want predictability upfront. But for consumer tech, especially with an ad supported business model, this is a very common mechanism. Also because their ad buys are more effective once they have a user base.
@dee_bosa
Three worries every CEO should have about AI
1. Agent safety & security
We need to rethink cyber defense. Attacks will happen at machine speed. Our defenses need to keep up and also operate at machine scale. Human scale defenses won’t suffice.
2. Token economics (or Tokenomics)
A company’s or country’s ability to produce tokens efficiently and securely will shape its economic strength and security posture. Every CEO should be thinking of building a muscle in their company for being token efficient.
3. Agents between brands and customers
If everyone has a personal agent handling purchases and services, those agents could become the new gatekeepers. CEOs should ask whether customers will still come directly to their brands, or rely on their agents to decide what to see and buy.
These are structural shifts, not minor side effects of AI. Companies need to think through what a world full of personal agents means for their business, then keep adjusting as that world takes shape.

















