Yesss! Note: this does not apply to AI, Machine Learning, and most of computer science, where publication venues are open access and free for readers and authors. Almost all papers are posted on ArXiv first, which gives early open access to everyone. This greatly accelerates the dissemination of new ideas and explains in part why AI has been progressing so fast in the last 15 years (until some industry players decided to clam up, like OpenAI and to some extent Google & DeepMind). (ArXiv is largely supported by the Simons Foundation). Conferences and journals (like JMLR and TMLR) don't need much money to operate since they use unpaid volunteers as editors, formatting is done by authors, and web hosting is cheap. Most venues use OpenReview.net for the reviewing process (OpenReview is funded by donations from conferences, workshops, companies, and foundations).. Operating funds come from registration fees to conferences and donations. Conferences are run by non-profits (e.g. in ML, the ICLR, NeurIPS, and ICML foundations. In CV, the Computer Vision Foundation). There are a few closed-access and/or for-profit outlets that some authors insist on using (still), e.g. Nature Machine Intelligence (essentially a DeepMind vassal), some IEEE conferences and journals (IEEE is non-profit but insists on charging for access to publications), and most ACM conferences and journals (ACM is non-profit but charges authors $1000 to $1800 to make their papers open access).